Review Countdown to the AP EXAM - Day 21

Since we have class today, and you'll already be spending a significant time on psychology, why don't you just review States of Consciousness. As you can see from the outline below, States of Consciousness is only 2-4% of the material on the exam, so not as important as areas like Biological Bases of Behavior (8-10%). Use the outline to guide your study. 

Here is an interesting article on taking naps and how long naps should be to have optimal benefit. Take the time to review the circadian rhythm, sleep cycles, sleep disorders.

As always, SparkNotes is a great tool for reviewing this topic.

Don't forget the ever helpful Mouse Drug Party for a summary of the effects of different drugs, plus the drug substance chart I posted under Week 26 on coursesites.

Here is the official outline of all the subject areas for the AP exam. Spend extra time in the areas with higher percentages, as well as the items you are less familiar with. 

I. History and Approaches (2–4%)

1. Logic, Philosophy, and History of Science
2. Approaches:
   1. Biological
   2. Behavioral
   3. Cognitive
   4. Humanistic
   5. Psychodynamic
   6. Sociocultural
   7. Evolutionary/Sociobiological

II. Research Methods (6–8%)

1. Experimental, Correlational, and Clinical Research:
   1. Correlational (e.g., observational, survey, clinical)
   2. Experimental
2. Statistics:
   1. Descriptive
   2. Inferential
3. Ethics in Research

III. Biological Bases of Behavior (8–10%)

1. Physiological Techniques (e.g., imaging, surgical)
2. Neuroanatomy
3. Functional Organization of Nervous System
4. Neural Transmission
5. Endocrine System
6. Genetics

IV. Sensation and Perception (7–9%)

1. Thresholds
2. Sensory Mechanisms
3. Sensory Adaptation
4. Attention
5. Perceptual Processes

V. States of Consciousness (2–4%)

1. Sleep and Dreaming
2. Hypnosis
3. Psychoactive Drug Effects

VI. Learning (7–9%)

1. Classical Conditioning
2. Operant Conditioning
3. Cognitive Processes in Learning
4. Biological Factors
5. Social Learning

VII. Cognition (8–10%)

1. Memory
2. Language
3. Thinking
4. Problem Solving and Creativity

VIII. Motivation and Emotion (7–9%)

1. Biological Bases
2. Theories of Motivation
3. Hunger, Thirst, Sex, and Pain
4. Social Motives
5. Theories of Emotion
6. Stress

IX. Developmental Psychology (7–9%)

1. Life-Span Approach
2. Research Methods (e.g., longitudinal, cross-sectional)
3. Heredity-Environment Issues
4. Developmental Theories
5. Dimensions of Development:
   1. Physical
   2. Cognitive
   3. Social
   4. Moral
6. Sex Roles, Sex Differences

X. Personality (6–8%)

1. Personality Theories and Approaches
2. Assessment Techniques
3. Self-concept, Self-esteem
4. Growth and Adjustment

XI. Testing and Individual Differences (5–7%)

1. Standardization and Norms
2. Reliability and Validity
3. Types of Tests
4. Ethics and Standards in Testing
5. Intelligence
6. Heredity/Environment and Intelligence
7. Human Diversity

XII. Abnormal Psychology (7–9%)

1. Definitions of Abnormality
2. Theories of Psychopathology
3. Diagnosis of Psychopathology
4. Anxiety Disorders
5. Somatoform Disorders
6. Mood Disorders
7. Schizophrenic Disorders
8. Organic Disorders
9. Personality Disorders
10. Dissociative Disorders

XIII. Treatment of Psychological Disorders (5–7%)

1. Treatment Approaches:
   1. Insight Therapies: Psychodynamic/Humanistic Approaches
   2. Behavioral Approaches
   3. Cognitive Approaches
   4. Biological Approaches (psychopharmacology/psychosurgery)
2. Modes of Therapy (e.g., individual, group)
3. Community and Preventive Approaches

XIV. Social Psychology (7–9%)

1. Group Dynamics
2. Attribution Processes
3. Interpersonal Perception
4. Conformity, Compliance, Obedience
5. Attitudes and Attitude Change
6. Organizational Behavior
7. Aggression/Antisocial Behavior

Today there are two crashcourse videos!